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| On December 11, 1941, four days after the Japanese attack
on Pearl Harbor, Italy and Germany declared war on the United States in
sympathy with Japan. By this time Italy's invasion into Egypt from Libya
had been repulsed, as had her invasion of Greece. In the spring of 1941
the British had taken Eritrea, Somalia, and Ethiopia. It was now clear
that Germany was the dominant Axis power in Europe, as Germany had moved
into North Africa and Greece to take control of the war from Italy. It
was already evident that Italy had become a client state of Germany.
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| ARTICLE I
Italy,
Germany and Japan will henceforth conduct in common and jointly a war which
has been imposed on them by the United
ARTICLE II Italy, Germany and Japan undertake each for himself that none of the parties to the present accord will conclude either armistice or peace, be it with the United States or with England without complete and reciprocal agreement [of the three signatories to this pact]. ARTICLE III Italy,
Germany and Japan, even after the victorious conclusion of this war, will
collaborate closely in the spirit of the Tripartite
ARTICLE IV The present
accord is effective immediately on its signature and remains in force for
the duration of the Tripartite Pact, signed
December 11, 1941 The Avalon Project at the Yale Law School
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