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| Note especially the sequence of events. In some areas the revolutionary events were just getting underway as they were being suppressed in others. |
| Europe | Italy | Italy | Italy |
| Initiation of Revolution | Process of Revolution | Defeat of Revolution | |
| Jan. 12. Revolution in Palermo demands Constitution of 1812 | |||
| Feb. 10. Ferdinando II grants a constitution to Naples | |||
| Feb. 22. Riots, barricades in Paris.Feb. 24. Louis Philippe abdicates the throne of France | Feb. 17. Grand Duke Leopold grants Tuscany a constitution | ||
| March 12. Riots in Vienna
March 13. Metternich resigns |
Mar. 4. Carlo Alberto grants Piedmont a constitution | ||
| Mar. 15. Hungarians and Croats demand autonnomy from
Vienna.
Mar. 15. Riots and Barricades in Berlin |
Mar. 14. Pius IX grants a constitution to Papal states, but keeps a veto for himself and College of Cardinals | ||
| Mar. 18. King Frederick William agrees to grant Prussia a constitution | Mar. 18-22. Five Glorious Days in Milan expell Austrian troops | ||
| Mar. 22. Piedmont declares war on Austria | |||
| Apr. 8. Czechs force Vienna to promise a Constitution | Mar. 22. Venice declares itself a republic | ||
| Apr. 23. Elections to National Assembly in France | Apr. 25. Papal troops join Piedmont | Apr. 29. Pope denies intention to make war on Catholic Austria | |
| May 17. Ferdinand I of Austria flees Vienna for Innsbruck
May 18. National Assembly of representatives of German states meet to write German constituion |
May 15. Collapse of revolution in Naples. With Neapolitan troops in the north to aid Piedmont, Ferdinando II uses his Swiss guard to take control. Recalls troops from north. | ||
| June 17. Austrian troops bombard Prague, crush revolution there | May 30. Piedmont defeats Austria at Goito | ||
| June 23-26. "June Days" in Paris. Thousands killed as poor rise against the Nat'l Assembly | July 24. Austria crushes Piedmont at Custozza | ||
| Sept. 17. Austrians invade Hungary
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Sept. 15. Increasing radicalism in Rome. Pius IX appoints the moderate Pelligino Rossi Prime Minister | ||
| Oct. 31. Royal Austrian troops bombard Vienna, crush revolution there | Nov. 15. In Rome Pelligrino Rossi is murdered | ||
| Hungarian resistance to Austria continues | Nov. 16. riots in Rome. | ||
| Dec. 5. Frederick William dissolves constituent Asembly in Berlin | Nov. 25. Pius IX flees Rome for Gaeta and Neapolitan protection | ||
| Dec. 10. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte wins presidential election by a landslide | |||
| Jan. 5, 1849. Austria captures Budapest | Feb. 9, 1849. Proclamation of the Roman Republic | ||
| Mar. 12. Piedmont declares war on Austria again | |||
| Mar. 28, Frankfort Parliament elects Frederic William of Prussia "Emperor of Germany" | Mar 23. Austria crushes Piedmont at Novara | ||
| Apr. 21. Frederick William rejects a "crown from the gutter" | Mar. 29. A Tiumvirate is set up in Rome. Includes Mazzini. Garibaldi in charge of military | ||
| April.Louis Napoleon sends troops to restore Pius IX | April 24. French troops land at Cività Vecchia to restore Pius | ||
| May 15. Neapolitan troops enter Palermo, completing conquest of Sicily | |||
| June 17-18. Russian armies invade Hungary to crush revolution there | May 25. Austrian troops enter Florence | ||
| June 18. Frankfort Parliament, wracked by dissent, moves to Stuttgart, where it was dispersed by Prussian troops | June 30. After heroic defense, Garibaldi surrenders Rome to the French | ||
| July 30. Austrian begins seige of Venice | |||
| Aug. 13. Hungarian resistance ends | Aug. 28. Venice, beset with cholera and starvation surrenders |
| Back to Introduction |