Casablanca Conference 1943
The Casablanca Conference was attended by Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, the respective leaders of the United States and Great Britain. Notable by his absence was the Soviet leader, Josef Stalin. His country and Germany were still locked in the epic battle for Stalingrad, and its fate was still in the balance, necessitating his presence at home. Although Roosevelt and Churchill spoke mostly of the Pacific war in this document, the emphasis on unconditional surrender was designed to stiffen Russian morale and to prevent a separate German-Soviet peace. This document has relevance to Italy as well.

         The decisions reached and the actual plans made at Casablanca were not confined to any one theater of war or to any one continent  or ocean or sea. Before this year is out, it will be made known to the world-in actions rather than words-that the Casablanca Conference produced plenty of news; and it will be bad news for the Germans and Italians-and the Japanese. 

         We have lately concluded a long, hard battle in the Southwest Pacific and we have made notable gains. That battle started in the
Solomons and New Guinea last summer. It has demonstrated our superior power in planes and, most importantly, in the fighting qualities of our individual soldiers and sailors. 

         American armed forces in the Southwest Pacific are receiving powerful aid from Australia and New Zealand and also directly from the British themselves. 

         We do not expect to spend the time it would take to bring Japan to final defeat merely by inching our way forward from island to
island across the vast expanse of the Pacific. 

         Great and decisive actions against the Japanese will be taken to drive the invader from the soil of China. Important actions will be
taken in the skies over China-and over Japan itself. 

         The discussions at Casablanca have been continued in Chungking with the Generalissimo by General Arnold and have resulted in
definite plans for offensive operations. 

         There are many roads which lead right to Tokyo. We shall neglect none of them. 

         In an attempt to ward off the inevitable disaster, the Axis propagandist are trying all of their old tricks in order to divide the UnitedNations. They seek to create the idea that if we win this war, Russia, England, China, and the United States are going to get into a cat-and-dog fight. 

         This is their final effort to turn one nation against another, in the vain hope that they may settle with one or two at a time-that any of us may be so gullible and so forgetful as to be duped into making "deals" at the expense of our Allies. 

         To these panicky attempts to escape the consequences of their crimes we say-all the United Nations say-that the only terms on
which we shall deal with an Axis government or any Axis factions are the terms proclaimed at Casablanca: "Unconditional Surrender." In our uncompromising policy we mean no harm to the common people of the Axis nations. But we do mean to impose punishment and retribution in full upon their guilty, barbaric leaders... 

         In the years of the American and French revolutions the fundamental principle guiding our democracies was established. The
cornerstone of our whole democratic edifice was the principle that from the people and the people alone flows the authority of
government. 

         It is one of our war aims, as expressed in the Atlantic Charter, that the conquered populations of today be again the masters of
their destiny. There must be no doubt anywhere that it is the unalterable purpose of the United Nations to restore to conquered peoples
their sacred rights. 

Feb 12, 1943

The Avalon Project  at the Yale Law School
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/wwii/casablan.htm
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